Saya Robot

SAYA ROBOT ABSTRACT This Article depicts an electronic mechanical machine with a Tele-worked android robot named SAYA. A robot is an electro-mechanical gadget which perhaps shows up as humanoid and it can performs errands naturally. It might be finished by utilizing a remote control or a PC interface. The Branch of Technology that manages Robots is called ROBTICS. It was found in the day by day lives for instance; the pet-type robot named AIBO, and a psychological treatment robot and its viability for old individuals. Be that as it may, the main employments of current robots have been worked by William Gray Walter in 1961s as modern robots.THE ANDROID ROBOT SAYA After 15 years of exploration by Saya's engineer Hiroshi Kobayashi, the Professor at Tokyo University of Science; Saya is being tried as an instructor and it is being trialed at a grade school in Tokyo. In the wake of filling in as an assistant and secretary. Likewise the robot Saya effectively utilized as traffic superintend ents and one is in any event, being created to give organization to Alzheimer's victims. She can communicate in numerous dialects; likewise can communicate some fundamental feelings like astonishment, appall, grin, trouble. Since her face has straightforward structure and fundamentally comprises of mechanical edge and facial skin.SAYA THE ROBOT TEACHER In the study hall, there are Saya and some control gear and the control arrangement of Saya requires a blower and electronic types of gear. In the opposite side, there's an activity stay with two screens one of them is utilized for the control, and the other one utilized for the perception. Saya can dole out undertakings to understudies, just as perform outward appearances to indicate her present state of mind. She likewise ready to find understudies passing notes in class, just as counterfeiting one another’s schoolwork. The administrator can hear understudies from the speakers and react to understudies as well.THE MAIN PURPOS ES OF SAYA ROBOT The robot's fundamental object was to urge youngsters to be keen on science and innovation; it's additionally expected to add to kids' inspiration to learn, what's more; it would profit schools experiencing a deficiency of human instructors. The robot was initially produced for organizations who need to reduce expenses by supplanting office laborers, for example, secretaries and receptionists with an android. Reference index LIST †cdn. intechweb. organization/pdfs/19461. pd †http://www. news. com. au/news/saya-robots-new position as-a-teacher/story-fna7dq6e-1111119087968

Argument Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words - 7

Contention - Essay Example of this paper is investigate the US military inclusion in the universal scene and elective answers for improve the relations with remote countries. In spite of the way that World War II finished 77 years back, there has been a great deal of little wars and struggle happening between nations in various pieces of the world. In Africa, Asia, and South America the state army have bunches of forces and numerous areas they rule the roads and governments essentially avoids its way. The United States is right now additionally in the center of the war themselves called by President Bush which started the war after the 9/11 fear monger assaults on the city of NY as the War on Terror. The United States and the Middle East are not the sole members of this war. The war happened as an aggregate exertion between the United States and its partners so as to annihilate fearful psychological militant gatherings that disrupt all norms of commitment by focusing on the common populace with bombs and other unstable gadgets. The United States has the most impressive military body that use advance innovation and amazing knowledge so as to execute strategies that can force its power on the foe. Because of the regard nations all in all have for the capacities of the United States military power the country has had the option to force a kind of real force in the exchange table. Real force alludes to the degree wherein a player can utilized the privilege of order to control others. As a general rule the United States has used discretion preferred position to maltreatment of its capacity on numerous events. When there are clashes that can not be settled by the fundamental gatherings or there and general recognition the circumstance justifies a goals because of social treacheries everybody appears to approach the United States to step in and reestablish request. The United States now and again wants to avoid these kinds of military mediations on the grounds that these tasks cost a great many dollars to citizens . The world has gotten familiar with

LEB2 Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words

LEB2 - Essay Example In any case, outside firms that sorted out under the laws of a state other than Alabama were illegal from also arranging its duty base. These abberations lead to the Reynolds Metal Company to sue the Alabama charge specialists. Reynolds Metal and other looked to be discounted for charges paid to Alabama on the grounds the state victimized remote organizations under the Commerce and Equal Protection Clauses. The Alabama Supreme Court dismissed Reynolds’s guarantee, refering to extra weights on outside business counterbalance the weights put upon residential organizations. An Alabama trail court affirmed the establishment assessment to be oppressive, however excused their cases refering to the point of reference of the Reynolds case. The U.S. Preeminent Court found the state’s establishment charges against outside firms to be biased. Further, the U.S. Incomparable Court closed Alabama neglected to legitimize its absence of duty arranging capacity for remote firms when con trasted with the weights set upon household firms. Limitations on the right to speak freely of discourse On the 200th commemoration of the confirmation of the Bill of Rights (December 15, 1991), the American Bar Association gathered information. An insignificant 33% of those surveyed effectively distinguished the bill of rights. (The New York Times) after 10 years, fighting senatorial up-and-comers flubbed the distinguishing proof of components involving the First Amendment. (Johnson) considering these offensive subjective failings, the regular American can relate to the idea of â€Å"Freedom of Speech.† However, these equivalent failings in like manner sacred instruction clarify that couple of know about the presence of exemptions to the right to speak freely of discourse. The First Amendment of the U.S. Constitution states to some extent that â€Å"Congress will make no law †¦ condensing the opportunity of speech†¦Ã¢â‚¬  Contrary to mainstream thinking, this doe sn't give the privilege to the individual American to state what he/she needs, when he/she needs, how he/she needs to. While the right to speak freely of discourse exists, it is given to the individuals limitations, conditions, and exceptions. The exclusion of foulness is one of a kind in that the Supreme Court has denied First Amendment insurances to profanity regardless of whether it is, or isn't hurtful to other people. It has been dictated by the Supreme Court that vulgarity â€Å"was outside the assurance proposed for speech† when the First Amendment was received. (ROTH v. US, 354 U.S. 476 (1957) ) This decision has basically prohibited foulness in light of a legitimate concern for social request and ethical quality. Note that vulgarity and sex entertainment are not one in the equivalent. As most sex entertainment isn't lawfully vulgar, sex entertainment appreciates First Amendment insurances because of the reality it doesn't need to pass all components of the Miller Tes t. (Mill operator v. California, 413 U.S. 15, 27 (1973)). One could contend that the Supreme Court has set some extremely significant points of reference in the limitations of the right to speak freely of discourse, yet the limitations of discourse are undeniably additionally affecting some time before the Supreme or some other court hears the case. The Supreme Court has made it understood representatives of the legislature reserve the option to free discourse when tending to issues of open concern. The Supreme Court has additionally decided it sacred for the state to both suspend without pay and fire workers under the pretense of productivity of administration when the representative is offering bogus expressions against others in government. Numerous legislature

U.S. Vs. Pruitt Essay - 275 Words

U.S. Vs. Pruitt Essay (Essay Sample) Content: U.S. Vs. PruittName:Course:Institution:Instructor:Date:U.S. Vs. PruittComputers crimes are on the rise following the introduction of the internet. Today, there are many people who are committing crimes via the internet in their computers, and this is a violation of many federal and state laws. About the above case, it is evident that the defendant used his work and home computers to access child pornography, violating 18 U.S.C. 2252A (a) (2) (A) (Infosecusa.com, 2011). According to the federal government 18 U.S. Code 2252A, anyone who knowingly transports, mails, ships child pornography interstate or from foreign nations by any means such as through computers is guilty (Law.cornell.edu, 2015).US vs. Pruitt case under investigation was committed via a computer; work and home computers (Infosecusa.com, 2011). Child pornography has risen with the development of the internet. There are many websites that post nudity pictures and videos of teens. These materials are acces sed via computers, and this make computers part of sexual crimes against children. Computers themselves do not commit the crime, but they are used as a means of obtaining illegal materials (Easttom Taylor, 2011). Hence, to solve this child pornography cases, involved computers must be seized to help the investigators conduct a forensic study regarding the defendant. It is clear that computers were used to commit this crime because Pruitt used both his office, and home computers to view child pornographic material knowingly (Infosecusa.com, 2011). Computer crimes are on the rise, and this has led to the formation of many bodies to fight against this rampant crime. Federal Bureau of Investigation has been on the front line in combating this offense, which is on the rise especially among state and federal employees in America. Another agency that could have been used to fight child pornography and computer crimes is the Child Exploitation and Obscenity Section (CEOS) (Justice.gov, 2014). This agency consists of attorneys, who seek to prosecute people, and organizations that manufacture, distribute, and possess child pornography materials. This agency provides forensic study evidence that helps the jury make a better judgment in any child pornography cases. Under its High Technology Investigative Unit (HTIU), Child Exploitation and Obscenity Section, uses technology to prosecute high technology child exploitation cases (Justice.gov, 2014).HTIU employees have remarkable forensic expertise skills, and this agency could have been of great use in solving Pruitt, and child pornography case. HTIU understands that for any computer crime to be resolved fairly, undertaking computer forensic studies is crucial; computers are the primary tools used in committing child pornography crime (Justice.gov, 2014). The second agency that could have been useful in solving this computer crime case is the Office of Juvenile Justice and Delinquency Prevention (Gao.gov, 2002). This agency fights computer crimes by funding task forces that confront cases involving children, which are conducted via the net such as child pornography (Gao.gov, 2002).One of the types of forensic skills that agents should possess is the ability to collect, and analyze data to convict or exonerate the accused (Intratec.co.za, 2015). Agents should also be able to secure the scene of crime or the computers involved in cyber crime to avoid contamination of evidence. Often, accused people delete data, but forensic study software can help agents retrieved all the deleted incriminating data. Seizing the office and home computers that were used in child pornography are the primary duties of the investigators. This assists agents to protect evidence and store the evidence in a secure lab (Intratec.co.za, 2015). More so, to provide irrefutable evidence against the defendant, agencies must ensure that they use certified forensic experts, and licensed equipment in their computer crime case anal ysis (Intratec.co.za, 2015).Additionally, computer forensic evidence should be kept safe because any alteration can ruin the evidence, and acquit guilty people. The best documentation process is first seizing the two computers to ensure that the accused person does not delete any information that can weaken the case (Intratec.co.za, 2015). Second, all computers forensic evidence should be kept in a secure lab to facilitate analysis of data appropriately. Documentation of evidence is fundamental since wrong storage can result in contamination, and loss of proof (Intratec.co.za, 2015). Agents handling this case should ensure that they label all evidence correctly to avoid confusion and mixture of the proof in the lab. Also, evidence must be signed by the agents undertaking the case, and any analysis should be done with legal authority to secure evidence (Intratec.co.za, 2015).About the case in the textbook (US. versus AOL) and the case used in this essay; U.S. vs. Pruitt, there are so me similarities regarding computer usage in crime. The first similarity is that computers have been used to conduct crimes though they are not part of the offen...

Essay about What Is Ubiquitous Computing - 1040 Words

What is Ubiquitous Computing ? What is ubiquitous computing? An exciting new approach to serving us with technology? Or the environment where the virtuality will became the reality? Lets try to give the definition of ubiquitous computing, its development, including the key people and places influencing its development, and finally some concerns raised by this new approach for putting technology and people together. Already, one name has been reoccurring when talking about ubiquitous computing: Mark Weiser. In 1991 Mark Weiser thought of as the founder of what we now term ubiquitous computing, wrote an article for Scientific American entitled The Computer for the 21st Century. In it, Weiser describes the multiple computers in a†¦show more content†¦I get in to my car and feel myself in a new computer world of cars. I just need to say a destination, even to my office, is enough. Now Im in the office ,everything is ready for my appearance : 5 minutes after my command ,all these new friendly group of computers Ââ€" embedded into fridges,washing maching, cooling system, door locks, furniture works together are ready to make your appearance in your office in the best way. In order achieve to our dream we must concentrate about ideas mobile computing and intelligent environment. This rethinking demands a radical departure from the tradition of putting machines out for our use, and havi ng us adapt to them. One can see from just a few of these computer science issues that making ubiquitous computing a reality is an interesting technical challenge. Ubiquitous computing seeks to embed computers into our everyday lives in such ways as to render them invisible and allow them to be taken for granted, and social and cultural theories of everyday life have always been interested in rendering the invisible visible .Despite these related concerns, social and cultural studies remain in the background of discussions of ubiquitous technology design. Ubiquitous computing is roughly the opposite of virtual reality. Where virtual reality puts people inside a computer-generated world, ubiquitous computing forces the computer to live out here in the world with people.Show MoreRelatedWhat Is Ubiquitous Computing ?890 Words   |  4 PagesWhat is Ubiquitous Computing ? What is ubiquitous computing? An exciting new approach to serving us with technology? Or the environment where the virtuality will became the reality? Lets try to give the definition of ubiquitous computing, its development, including the key people and places influencing its development, and finally some concerns raised by this new approach for putting technology and people together. Already, one name has been reoccurring when talking about ubiquitous computing:Read MoreComputer Science Laboratory ( Csl )1264 Words   |  6 PagesHistory: The term ubiquitous computing was first articulated in 1988 by Mark Weiser in Xerox Palo Alto Research Centre (PARC) Electronics and Imaging Laboratory (EIL). In late 1987, Bob Sprague, Richard Bruce and other members of PARC and EIL put forward the idea of developing wall sized flat panel computer displays from large area amorphous sheets. Its been believed that The wall display was used as input for scanning images and electronic pens. These researchers anticipatedRead MoreBenefits And Disadvantages Of Ubiquitous Computing Application1525 Words   |  7 Pagesexample, Google glass is one such wearable ubiquitous application wherein computers are immersed into real environment and operations are unattended. Data is collected by wearable devices in a ubiquitous manner and consistently on any user and also over their external environment. Through such advanced computing usage there are several benefits and disadvantages that can be delivered. This essay addresses these pros and cons. Pros of Ubiquitous computing application It is hands free: This can beRead MoreWhat Is Pervasive Computing?1603 Words   |  7 Pagesselect what data is at the focal point of their consideration and what data is fringe. The term was authored by Stamp Weiser, boss technologist, and John Seeley Darker, executive of the Xerox Palo Alto Exploration Lab. In the coming period of universal processing in which innovation will move toward becoming without a moment s delay inescapable yet undetectable, Weiser and Darker predict the requirement for outline standards and strategies that empower clients to detect and control what instantlyRead MoreAn Overview Of Modern Health Management System1658 Words   |  7 PagesAn Overview of Ubiquitous Health Management System ABSTRACT Author Keywords ACM Classification Keywords I. INTRODUCTION Due to recent advancement in mobile technologies, high-capacity wireless network, sensor system, and wearable technology ubiquitous computing system is no longer a possibility, it is now reality. Ubiquitous computing deals with the idea how we can improve our quality of life by incorporating or interacting with technology in our everyday life. Health care is an ideal applicationRead MoreEssay On Emerging Technologies866 Words   |  4 Pagesrequirements of Vital Blue Company are Cloud Computing, Grid Computing, and Mobile Computing. The areas of probable impact as identified by the company are Enterprise Resource Planning (ERP), Geographic Information Systems (GIS), Data Warehousing, and Productivity Applications, which are applications for office use like Microsoft Office and Open Office. Cloud Computing It is prudent to be mindful of the strides being made, and huge investment infused into cloud computing. One could surmise that companiesRead MoreThe Future of the Internet Essay1494 Words   |  6 Pagesis filled with search engines that can help us reach information of our personal choice. Social networks which connect us with worldly knowledge are also fairly new. For example Facebook was introduced in 2005 and twitter in 2006. I can’t imagine what life would be like without these networks of communication and thinking about them not being there only less than a decade ago seems like ancient times. Facebook, Twitter, Google, YouTube, Wikipedia are platforms that allow us to build social communitiesRead MoreSocial Issues in Ubiquitous Computing Essays1969 Words   |  8 PagesEvolving toward ubiquitous computing is the next step in technology. Computers will interact more and more with the environment. The social interactions are starting to be controlled using ubiquitou s devices. Users have access to more information therefore social issues become important. In order to have a better understanding about the social issues in ubiquitous computing, aspects such as privacy of the individual, use and abuse of the state and opportunities for the individual empowerment willRead MoreThe Cloud Of Cloud Computing1593 Words   |  7 Pagesapproach to computing – cloud computing. It is a particularly new model of computing, where databases are stored and operated somewhere in a cloud. Mell and Grance (2011) define cloud computing as â€Å"a model for enabling ubiquitous, convenient, on-demand network access to a shared pool of configurable computing resources that can be rapidly provisioned and released with minimal management effort or service provider interaction† (p. 2). In other words, the cloud is considered a remote computing data centerRead MoreTechnology And The Internet Of Things1684 Words   |  7 PagesThe world of computers is cont inuously shrinking at a rapid rate. Coincidentally, computing systems, now more than ever are finding themselves integrated into different aspects of society. From lightbulbs to coffee makers, integrated computing systems are creating a dynamic network of ubiquitous devices. â€Å"The internet of things† is the connection and intercommunication of such ubiquitous computing devices in the physical world through the internet. Devices in this network spontaneously retrieve

Darwins Theory of Natural Selection and the Evolution of...

Darwin’s theory of natural selection has provided us with the explanations of the processes involved in the changes of species over long periods of time. His theory was based on five major assumptions: VARIATION: When Individuals within a species differ from one another in physical characteristics and in their behaviour. HERITABILITY: Some of the variations amongst the members of species is inherited, meaning that the offspring tend to resemble their parents more than the other members of the species. COMPETITION: Members of most species produce far more offspring than can survive. If there weren’t problems with survival Darwin figured out that a pair of elephants could have about 19†¦show more content†¦However there are reasons to why some aspects of behaviour seem to change more than others during evolution (Grier +Burke). Any behaviour that allows the most effective way to use the available resources around them (eg. Bigger jaws for eating whole animals)giving the individual a quick advantage increasing reproductive success. A behaviour which will give an individual a competitive edge will likely lead them to a rapid evolution (eg. A strong male who wins all his competitions will have the right to impregnate the female allowing his genes to be perpetuated). A behaviour that is used with respect to other members of the same species (eg. Courtship or communication) is likely to show evolutionary change as this will impress prospective mates due to the large be nefits the successful behaviour brings. Lastly theShow MoreRelatedCharles Darwin s Theory Of Evolution1173 Words   |  5 Pages It is time to start believing. Evolutionary theories were first proposed by Charles Darwin in the 19th century, and 150 years later, these ideas are still being studied and proven today. Charles Darwin set the basis for these discoveries. Natural Selection and survival of the fittest are two examples of evolution. Charles Darwin once exclaimed, â€Å"It is not the strongest of the species that survives, nor the most intelligent that survives. It is the one that is the most adaptable to change.† ThisRead MoreTheories on Evolution of Species1068 Words   |  4 PagesWhat is Evolution? It â€Å"is the process by which modern organisms have descended from ancient ancestors† [1]. Many great scientists have developed theories to answer the question, â€Å"Where did life, and human beings, come from?† Two major theories of evolution that s till exist, and valid today are Charles Darwin’s theory, and Lamarck’s theory. These two theories have many differences, but attempt to explain evolution. Charles Robert Darwin, was a naturalist, who proposed one of the most renowned theoriesRead MoreDarwin s Theory Of Evolution Essay918 Words   |  4 PagesDarwin wrote The Origin Of Species, there was controversy over his theory of evolution natural selection. Darwin’s theory was debated between Thomas Huxley and Samuel Wilberforce at the British Association for the Advancement of Science in 1860. Wilberforce was against the idea that all living things descended from a common ancestor. He was highly critical of Darwin’s research, often arguing in his review that many points in Darwin’s theory did not have enough support to be valid. â€Æ' Debate of DarwinRead MoreCharles Darwin s Theory Of Evolution904 Words   |  4 PagesEvolution is the process new species or populations of living things develop from preexisting forms through successive generations. Some people believe in evolution and some do not. Scientists have found many ways to determine the way that a species can evolve over time. Charles Darwin is just one of these scientists. He came up with a theory that explains how species’ evolve and change. He believed that species change by a process called â€Å"natural selection.† Charles Darwin’s theory of evolutionRead MoreCharles Darwin s Theory Of Evolution1577 Words   |  7 Pagesfields of studies in the nineteenth century. In 1831, Darwin embarked on a British government-sponsored voyage on the HMS Beagle to the coast of South America and several remote islands in the Pacific, where he closely observed the landforms and natural species that were native to these parts of the world, which he had never encountered before. Upon confronting these previously unidentified species, he made numerous observations, took copious notes in his journals and collected meticulous samplesRead MoreJohn Darwin s Natural Selection879 Words   |  4 PagesDarwin wrote a book â€Å"Natural Selection† and it was fun for me to read because his theories on natural and life evolutions are fascinating to learn. The idea that members of a species complete with each other for resources and that individuals that are better adapted to their lifestyles have a better chance of surviving to reproduce revolutionized the field of evolution. His idea was never approved or accepted for decades and today natural selection forms the basis for our understanding of how speedsRead MoreDarwin s Theory Of Evolution1339 Words   |  6 PagesCountless scientists spent their lives working on a succinct theory of evolution, but none found as great of popularity and success as Charles Darwin. Using his c oncept of Natural Selection, Darwin managed to explain evolution in not just the organic world, but also in humans. The fact that Darwin’s theory transfers so easily to human society is no coincidence. After Darwin’s Beagle voyage, he returned to England during the Industrial Revolution. As a man of wealth, Darwin acted as a first-hand witnessRead MoreWill the Earliest Hominid Please Standup?: Evoultion Exposed Essay1317 Words   |  6 Pages Will the Earliest Hominid Please Stand Up? Evolution Exposed Evolution and religion has been a disputable discussion over the decades. Religious believers simply discarded the idea that humans have came from swinging monkeys. Although it is a scientific theory, it is backed up by the heavy weight of scientific evidence. The first thing that one might consider is that religion is composed by thousands of individual memes, which supports myths, moralities, and complex ideas or memeplexes, whichRead MoreThe Theory of Evolution754 Words   |  4 PagesRunning Head: EVOLUTION The Theory of Evolution By Student’s Name Name of University Charles Darwin’s theory of evolution has been a topic of controversy since it was promulgated in the late 1800s. Nonetheless, its tenets remain strong, with many modern day scientists making discoveries that support Darwin’s theories of evolution, natural selection, and survival of the fittest. In The Origin of Species, Darwin calls the process of natural selection or survival of the fittest, the preservationRead MoreCharles Darwin s Theory Of Natural Phenomenon And A Collector Of Specimen Essay853 Words   |  4 PagesSedgwick and John Stevens Henslowe. The two figures taught Darwin to become and observe of natural phenomenon and a collector of specimen. After graduating from Cambridge in 1831 to 1836 Darwin served as naturalist aboard the H.M.S. Beagle on a British science expedition around the world. During his cruse on the H.M.S. Beagle, Charles Darwin became interested with the similarities between the plants and animals that were similar on different islands with similar climates, so he decided to study them

Developmental Theories Make To Assessment †Myassignmenthelp.Com

Question: What Implications Might A Young Client's Attachment Style Have Upon Their Capacity To Engage In Counselling? Answer: Introducation The progression of the young people as well as adolescent might comply a sequence as made up of with the anticipated order for the appearance of particular behaviours and also features yet they are generally definitely variable (Ali, Farrer, Gulliver Griffiths, 2015). The personalities of the children are quite uncertain in lieu of the anticipation of the stability of the adults. As associated with this instability which is observed in them it is a clear evidence which reveal the normal development that is really often marked by numerous the behavior problems. The child along with the adolescent therapist needs to be in a position to sort out these regular issues from those which can signify the a bit more serious problems. Additionally, the consciousness to the development might also aid the therapist with regards to the clinical decision making to the numerous point with regards to the treatment process (Dowling Rickwood, 2014). There needs to be appropriate goal setting that is vital that you any one of the therapeutic venture. This offers the direction to our work, which might permit us to monitor on the progress. The children and adolescent assessment and development theory sets on the goal with regards to the development framework (Ali, Farrer, Gulliver Griffiths, 2015). Moreover, additionally they assist in these people acquiring on the problem solving cognitive abilities or maybe the moral judgment aspects. In setting of the goals above the developmental anticipation is nearly as making certain the expectations is making certain the intervention would certainly fail (Dowling Rickwood, 2014). The development theories allows the therapist in choosing on the suitable content and choose the degree of the therapeutic interaction which suit the children and the adolescents. Some of the notable developmental theories are those of work done by Freud, and Piaget (Ali, Farrer, Gulliver Griffiths, 2015). On the Piagets of the Cognitive development has provide d an excellent base when it comes to assessment of the intellectual development of the adults and the children. On this theory it provide a nature as well as the development of the human intelligence (Trower, Jones Dryden, 2015). This theory is significance in assessment and the development of the children and adolescent because it shows a progressive reorganization of their mental process which could result from the biological maturation as the experience of the environment they live in. these individuals are able to construct the understanding of the world around them, they experience on the discrepancies between what they know and what they have already discovered in their environment, then they are able to adjust on their ideas accordingly (Dowling Rickwood, 2014). This theory is at the centre of the human organism, and the language is the contingent when it comes to the knowledge and the understanding which has been acquired by the children and adolescent through their cognit ive development. The second theory is the Freudian theory of the personality (Rupani, Cooper, McArthur, Pybis, Cromarty, Hill Turner, 2014). According to Freud he claimed that the way parents treated their children basic sexual along with the hostile desires determined on their personalitys growth and also whether or not they might turn out as well adjusted adults (Joyce, P., Sills, C. (2014). The children generally undergo a several stages of the sexual development that are oral, Anal, latency, Phallic, and the Genital. Depending on view of Freud every stage focusses on the sexual activity and the pleasure which is received from a particular part of the body. With regards to the oral phase, the children are generally focussed on the pleasures that happen to be received from the sucking and the biting with their mouth (Trower, Jones Dryden, 2015). These psychosexual phases signify on the fixation of the libido on the numerous part of the body. As a child grows physically numerous areas of their body they become a significant source of the potential frustration (Joyce Sills, 2014). When assessing of the children development Freud develop the theory to describe on the way that the sexual energy accumulates as well as discharge as individual mature biologically. Moreover, he stressed that the five years of life of the children are the most important to the formation of the personality into adults. What implications might a young client's attachment style have upon their capacity to engage in counsellingOver the past the researcher has found out that the attachment theory has impact regulation and also interpersonal relationships. When people have the caregivers that are emotionally accountable, they are likely to develop secure attachment along with a positive inner working type of self and others (Dryden Mytton, 2016). The adult attachment might be pointed out when it comes to the two dimensions that are the adult attachment anxiety along with the adult attachment prevention. The young style attachment style is the conceptualized as the fear of the interpersonal rejection and the abandonment , extreme requires especially for the acceptance from others , negative view of self , along with the hyper activation of affect regulation methods that the individual over-react to the negative mindset as a method of the gains of the others support and the comfort . With regards to this attachment style the patterns tend to be more often difficult to change when this person is used for the adulthood even though it is far from impossible (Dryden Mytton, 2016). The studies which refers to the examining of the mediators of the relation that is between their attachment and their mental health results is important for the counselling since the mediators can help the individual to alleviate their distress. Furthermore, identifying of the mediator might assist individuals to decrease on the influences of the attachment patterns without requiring one changing on the patterns, which can be a much more daunting task. There are numerous ramifications which the young client attachment style bring to their specifications when engaging in counselling (Dryden Mytton, 2016). Initially the attachment style has a strong foundation with regards to the comprehending on the development of ineffective coping strategies along with the underlying dynamics of individuals emotional diff iculties. On the part of the clinicians they can help individuals with the attachment style in addition to avoidance understand on how exactly the past experiences with the caregivers or maybe other people have with regards to shaping on their patterns and precisely how these patterns work to protecting them initially but afterwards contribute to their experience of the distress . The attachment style of individual has the capacity of assisting the individual finding an alternative of fulfilling on their unmet needs (Westergaard, 2013). People who generally seek help would like to learn on how exactly to cope with their irregularities in their daily life along with modify on their dysfunctional or maybe ineffective coping strategies. When individual concentrate on the adjusting the dysfunctional coping strategies would not make certain that the people would cope well. People more regularly have acquired and continued to utilize the dysfunctional strategies simply because they have s erved an adaptive function by means of facilitating them to fulfil on their fundamental psychological needs for instance connection, autonomy as well as competence previously. Helping individuals find on their alternative ways in meeting on their unmet needs is vital when it comes to solving of their problems (Westergaard, 2013). You will need to concentrate on the modifying of the maladaptive coping strategies, but there is also a necessity to recognize on the underlying unmet needs that happen to be a lot more satisfied by utilizing these types of methods and assisting people understanding on the alternative ways to gratify on their psychological or maybe the emotional needs. Individuals with the high attachment style may gradually become less in engaging in counselling and others could lose touch with their feelings or thoughts. These individuals may not have empathy to others on their emotional experiences. They may become lonely and future depression. Additionally, they become reluctant to self-disclosure and hold negative views to others. When it comes to engaging in counselling more often these people do not engages a lot they tend to hold their thoughts and feeling (McAndrew Warne, 2014). It thus becomes difficult for the therapist to help them and the best solution to engage them would be counter complimentary interventions that improves on their ease and comfort level of self-disclosing to other people. The approach to lessen on their reluctance in the self-disclosure along with increase on their closeness is significant when it comes to decrease on the loneliness after the future depression. Conceptualisation Case Identifying information Tim is a 9 year old boy and he is in fourth grade. He has a blonde hair. Compared to the other children in class Tim seems to be of smaller height and weight for his age. Tim dresses in attire which is clean and appropriate. He lives with his mum, dad and his fifteen year old brother. He loves reading books, and watching movies. In class he is a competent boy and very attentive, but his teacher is concerned about his behavior. Chief complaint Tim was referred to the counseling at his elementary school by his teacher. The teacher stated on the referral form that Tim exhibited anger behavior. This occurred while they were having discussion with his colleagues, he became angry and shouted at them you know am not invisible. He is not good in socializing particularly on the group work (McAndrew Warne, 2014). The teacher calmed Tim down and wanted to know what the cause of the shouting was and highlighted to him he was not supposed to shoot but rather work together as a team to come with the various suggestions on the task they were assigned as a group. Presenting the problem Tim is the last born in his family and he lives with his mother, dad and his fifteen year old brother. Tim is not good in socializing with the other kinds and more often we are seeing him reading or playing alone (Geldard, Geldard Foo, 2013). Moreover, when it comes to the group work he is not good at working with the other children, he is very shy and when others do not consider on his suggestion he becomes angry and shout at them. In this situation we see Tim wants to be the leader and his suggestion to be considered and rather not the other group members. The problem of team seems to have persisted over some period and I think it could have been reflected even at home. Tim seems to be shy and likes to be alone, Relevant history Tim is the last born in their family where he lives with his mother, father and dad. Tim do not socialize with other of the children and more often you would see him playing alone. Moreover, he is not good in the group discussion particularly he became angry when others did not approve on his contributed (Geldard, Geldard Foo, 2013). The children do not usually develop their social skills as easily as others. They could earnest and seek on the peer relationships, the parents need to take long view of the social problem and be able to map out a plan to solve on this problem. The children usually go through a definitive phases of the social development (McAndrew Warne, 2014). The children usually play alone quite happily, and in the event another child wanders onto the scene, they get clonked with a block out of the circle of play. In this case we can see Tim playing alone and even reading alone. Interpersonal style: Based on the Karen Horneys conceptualization it is clear that Tim is moving against aggression and dominance. This has been exhibited when he was in the group work and each of the children was making a suggestion towards the problem they faced. Tim suggestion was not considered and he became angry and shouted to the other children. This shows some aggression behaviour and he want to be dominant to the others. He want to get on his way, and other to follow his suggestion without their decision being considered. We can also observe there is tendency towards one polarity of dominance towards another (Geldard, Geldard Foo, 2015). In this case when Tim is playing he does not want to associate himself with the other children. This can also be exhibited in the when he is reading, he does it alone, in other words he is moving away from other withdrawing and want to alone. Based on the client interpersonal stance it is clear to say that above all, he is shy, and towards the counselor and he tried to explain that the other did not even take his suggestion into consideration. He felt they saw him as invisible in that nobody was listening to his suggestion. This shows that Tim does not know how to socialize with others, he wants to be alone and do his own this particularly playing or even reading. He is not comfortable talking to the others perhaps because he is shy. Environmental factors: When it comes to the psychology, there are many scholars who have debated on the issue of the environmental factors towards the child behavior. They have observed that the environment is important when shaping the behavior of the children. The children are not spared from arguably more susceptible to the influences of environment (Geldard, Geldard Foo, 2015). This ranges from the way the family is structured to how the culture has been structured, and nearly every of the facet of the life teaches the children lessons in how they could adapt to the world. There are various environmental factors which could have contributed to the Tim behavior. One of the aspect could be toxic stress. Stress can be in small doses in the context of the supportive environment which is important to the healthy development (McLeod, 2011). Tim could be having stress back from home or even in the school. When an individual does not socialize with other he tends to feel unwanted and start developing hatred to the others. Consequently, the individual begin to get stress which could hinder on their development and the ability to learn (McLeod, 2011). This has been clearly exhibited when Tim was not able to answer a question that he was asked by the teacher. Personality dynamics When it comes to the personality dynamics I will focus on the cognitive factors, emotional and the behavioral factors. Cognitive factors are the characteristics of the children which influence on the performance as well as their learning. These aspect serve in modulating on the performance in such as it could improve or perhaps decline (McLeod, 2014). Some of the cognitive functions include attention, memory and reasoning. In this case study it is clear that Tim has good reasoning and he is also attentive to details. He clearly is a good student, but the external stimuli such as the stress has impacted on his abilities negatively. This has been shown on his performance when he was asked a question he did not even know the answer to it. Emotional factors: The emotional learning begins at the young age and the learning usually grow with their age. The emotional expression has been related to both the social and the cultural influences of both the family and the surroundings. The relationship of the children to their caretaker could give the ability to express on both the positive and the negative emotions when it comes in a socially and culturally accepted manner. Example of emotional factors would be anger which could affect on the way to which the brain processes on the information given to you. The individuals who are angry have the difficulty when it comes to the processing of the logical statements, which limit on their ability to accept explaining and the solutions offered to others (Mearns, Thorne McLeod, 2013). When it comes to this case study Tim was very angry particularly when he shouted to the other children in their group. Moreover, there would an aspect of anxiousness which could impact negative on the part of the brain that manages on the creativity and the communication skills (Mearns, Thorne McLeod, 2013). An example it can be seen when Tim constantly worries in regards to the suggestion he makes to the other group members. This hinders on his ability to concentrate on the information which he give or even receive from the others. Behavioral factors: One of the behavioral factors would be the ego aspect. This is when individuals behave in was which makes them feel good about themselves, and what to gain an approval from the others. In the case of Tim it is evident he has some ego, particularly when he want to have his way and not others. Moreover, he wanted the other group members to notice him and his suggestion to be approved (Churchill, Khaira, Gretton, Chilvers, Dewey, Duggan Antidepressants in Primary Care (CAPC) Study Group, 2000). Moreover, there are other aspect such as commitment and the reciprocity which is monitored by the other individual which has a strong bearing when it comes to our behavior. Tim is much committed in his work and particularly in his studies. He is often seen reaching and been focused on his work. Moreover, this individuals want others to reciprocate on his contribution to the group work they were doing. Counselors conceptualization of the problem: As a counselor the first thing would to learn and understand the emotions of Tim, particularly feeling upset and shouting when around other people. In the case of Tim it is evident in regards to his cognitive aspect it is evident that he has a good reasoning, and his performance is good. Looking at his behavioral aspect he has some ego issues particularly when he becomes upset and shout to the others. The problem that has been affecting Tim has been associated to socializing with others. Moreover, it has been observed he is shy and does not socialize well with others particularly in the group discussion. From these observation there are recommendation should could be employed to be able to solve on the issues affecting Tim. Based on this case it has been found that the cognitive behavioral therapy techniques could be useful when working with the children particularly who suffer from the socialization syndrome (McAndrew Warne, 2014). Moreover, the family and the teacher should comple ment on the cognitive behavioral techniques to provide a well-rounded treatment for the child as well as the support of the parent. Describe how you would engage with Tim in an initial counselling session As a counselor of Tim case the first thing I would begin in the session would to learn and understand the emotions of this child particularly on why he has been upset and angry to an extent of shouting to the other children in the group work. In order to do this, I would bring sheet with the pictures of twenty faces with the various emotions. I would then review each of these emotions with Tim and asked him to describe on each of the emotions, or perhaps provide an example of what he experience towards each of the emotions (McAndrew Warne, 2014). I would then ask him a series of question and ask him to identify an emotion to each of the question I pose. Some of the question I do you feel about the other students? How do you feel when your are at the school? How do you feel about working with the others? This exercise would be done to a couple of sessions, and on each we would refer back to the emotions sheet to check how he is feeling towards others. I believe continued doing this w ould bring some progress in the counseling to enable him to open up and become more confident. I think the main issue Tim is facing is how to socialize, and also it is evident Tim is shy. I would also make another intervention through the solution focused therapy. This is where you allow the child to identify on the aspects of his life which he need to improve. I would provide question which, he would answer then we brainstorm thing together. This would provide an empowering experience for him since he would be able to change on the way he react and act towards others. Additionally, I could purchase on a small journal for Tim to carry around to write on the issues which affect him when he is with the other people. To be able to improve on Tim interactions with the other people I would implement a role playing in the counseling. Here I would have Tim to practice asking the other kids in the class to play during recess. Role playing role during the counseling session would give Tim courage and well build on his social skills to talk and participate with the other kids. Moreover, this would provide practice for him to practice on what he was not comfortable with. By allo wing Tim to practice it would provide a positive attitude as well as courage to implement such skills at the later time while he is in class or perhaps when they are playing. Once we practice on a skill enough to the level which Tim is comfortable with we will make it a goal to enable him to practice it with the other children in the class at least once before the next session. Tim can report back the following week and process on how it would go. Challenges of working with a client the age of Tim as a counselor Some of the challenges faced by the counselor when it comes to the client who are under aged would be the issue of competency and the training. The counselor may face the challenge of not understanding the specific issues which is faced by the children. Moreover, the counselor could not have the required training or the skills when it comes to facilitating on the dialogue (Van Deurzen Adams, 2016). Another challenge could be parental involvement. In some cases the parent of the children may not be available when the child is in the session would create a barrier of the counselor to fully understand on the issue which are affecting the child. It is important for the parents and the professionals to work together in order to find the solutions. Some of the parents could be mistrusting or perhaps unwilling to work with the counselor creating barriers for progress on the case affecting the child. Moreover, there could be challenging situations as well as the unfortunate circumstances wh ere the guardians could be a single parent, other members or even entirely absent (Dowling Rickwood, 2014). There would be the challenge of emotionally draining aspect where the counselor may feel their job intrinsic involving with the other people lives and the problem could lead to the burnout. The counselor may become cynic and ineffective when delivering his assistance. This could be brought about the social environment in which the counselor work. Another challenge would be the legal issues (Dowling Rickwood, 2014). An example of this could be demonstrated in the event that the child was encountering child abuse, the counselor could be faced with the decision to report on that case on one aspect and on the other hand he need to maintain the confidentiality of information provided by the client. References Ali, K., Farrer, L., Gulliver, A., Griffiths, K. M. (2015). Online peer-to-peer support for young people with mental health problems: a systematic review. JMIR mental health, 2(2). Churchill, R., Khaira, M., Gretton, V., Chilvers, C., Dewey, M., Duggan, C., Antidepressants in Primary Care (CAPC) Study Group. (2000). Treating depression in general practice: factors affecting patients' treatment preferences. Br J Gen Pract, 50(460), 905-906. Dowling, M. J., Rickwood, D. J. (2014). Experiences of counsellors providing online chat counselling to young people. Journal of Psychologists and Counsellors in Schools, 24(2), 183-196. Dryden, W., Mytton, J. (2016). Four approaches to counselling and psychotherapy. Routledge. Geldard, K., Geldard, D., Foo, R. Y. (2015). Counselling adolescents: The proactive approach or young people. Sage. Geldard, K., Geldard, D., Foo, R. Y. (2013). Counselling children: A practical introduction. Sage. Joyce, P., Sills, C. (2014). Skills in Gestalt counselling psychotherapy. Sage. McAndrew, S., Warne, T. (2014). Hearing the voices of young people who self?harm:Implications for service providers. International journal of mental health nursing, 23(6), 570-579. McLeod, J. (2014). Doing research in counselling and psychotherapy. Sage. McLeod, J. (2011). Qualitative research in counselling and psychotherapy. Sage. Mearns, D., Thorne, B., McLeod, J. (2013). Person-centred counselling in action. Sage. Rupani, P., Cooper, M., McArthur, K., Pybis, J., Cromarty, K., Hill, A., ... Turner, N. (2014).The goals of young people in school?based counselling and their achievement of these goals. Counselling and Psychotherapy Research, 14(4), 306-314. Trower, P., Jones, J., Dryden, W. (2015). Cognitive behavioural counselling in action. Sage. Van Deurzen, E., Adams, M. (2016). Skills in existential counselling psychotherapy. Sage. Westergaard, J. (2013). Counselling young people: Counsellors' perspectives on what worksAn exploratory study. Counselling and Psychotherapy Research, 13(2), 98-105.